India and Brazil solidified their partnership by signing a pact to boost cooperation in critical minerals and rare earths after a summit between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. The agreement aims to deepen the strategic partnership across energy, trade, and defense. Both countries are committed to exceeding $20 billion in bilateral trade over the next five years, an increase from the previous year’s $15 billion. They have agreed to work on removing non-tariff barriers to enhance bilateral trade. The partnership aims to present a stronger voice from the global south for United Nations reforms.